Iridium tantalum coated titanium anode widely used
Iridium tantalum coated titanium anode
The most preferred electrode for oxygen evolution in electrolysis is a coating of a mixed oxide of iridium oxide and tantalum oxide. Iridium tantalum coated titanium electrodes are: plate electrode, tube electrode, mesh electrode, rod electrode, filament electrode for customers to choose; iridium tantalum coated titanium anode is insoluble anode, platinum iridium coating and titanium substrate firmly , Compared with the ordinary coating electrode, it enhances the anti-crevice corrosion, better improve the durability of the titanium substrate and coating contact parts.
Iridium tantalum coated titanium anode application
IrO2 and Ta2O5 coated titanium anodes have excellent electrocatalytic activity and electrochemical stability. They are commonly used in the electrolysis industry with strong corrosive electrolyte, harsh working conditions and high current density. They are all known analytical methods Oxygen electrode.
1, copper production
Electrolytic copper foil production process is the first electrolytic copper oxidation, obtained copper sulfate solution, and then in the raw foil machine electrolytic generation of raw foil, raw foil after pickling, coarsening, curing, brass finishing process and the finished product. It consists of two major processes of electrolysis and electroplating. For example, copper foil production company process conditions: sulfuric acid concentration of 120g / L, 7-9KA / m2, cathode gap of 12mm. Use of IrTa anodes meets production requirements and solves the problem of extremely high production of current densities. It is partially immersed in a solution of copper sulfate solution to continuously rotating metal roller cathode, continuous electrolysis foil. Electrolytic copper foil, as a conductive material used in single-sided printed circuit board, the increasing use of increasingly thinner and thicker, about the thickness of 0.15mm, 0.105mm, 0.07mm, 0.05mm, 0.035mm.
Electrolytic copper foil, according to the thickness, can be divided into 105um, 70um, 18um, 12um, 9um, and 5um and several other, of which 12um and 12um are generally known as ultra-thin copper foil.
In accordance with the surface treatment process, the copper foil can be divided into pink foil (surface copper), as (surface zinc), yellow foil (brass plated) and several other types.
According to the properties of the electrolytic copper foil, the IPc standard is divided into standard foils (STD - E), HD - E high temperature foils (THE - E type) and annealed electrolytic copper foils ANN - E), low temperature annealed electrolytic copper foil (LTA - E type), annealed electrolytic copper foil (A - E type) and other categories.
Japan manufactures copper foil for printed circuit boards by electrolysis of copper sulfate solution, copper plating on a titanium rotating cylindrical cathode with a diameter of 1-2 meters and a height of 2-3 meters, and peeling of the copper foil at one end of the drum. Knowing printed circuit copper foil coated titanium anodes, the height of about 1.3 meters, the area length of about 2.4 meters, the thickness of about 25mm. Titanium-based coating with an anode, the plate spacing without adjustment, the anode bubble oxygen intense stirring electrolyte, accelerate the movement of copper ions to the cathode surface. Therefore, the operating current density can be increased to 50A / dm2. Thereby significantly increasing the cell productivity. Thermally decomposing IRO2 coatings on titanium substrates work well under these media conditions. After setting a very thin platinum-plated intermediate layer, to prevent titanium matrix oxidation, anode life of at least 2.5 years.
2, aluminum foil into the point
Electrolyte is 10% - 15% ammonium dehydration phosphate, the current density of 400 - 1000A / m2. The foil is electroplated into an IrTa coated anode to solve the high concentration of organic matter.
3, galvanized steel
As a large-scale electrolytic industry, for example, galvanized steel sheet production line, the use of low over-potential DSA instead of over-potential high lead electrode, can reduce the electrode to reduce power consumption. The most suitable coating components are iridium oxide and tantalum oxide.
IrO2 Ta2O5 coated anodes can be used in galvanizing production lines to replace lead alloy electrodes. Of these anode materials, the IRO2-based anode has the best electrode performance with minimal over-oxygen evolution potential, low electrocatalytic activity and less contamination of the electrolyte. The anode of IrO2 Ta2O5 is stable at high current densities such as 10ka / m2 Galvanized in the long working life.
4, circuit board thick copper plating
Yin and Yang pitch is 10mm, sulfuric acid concentration of 2mol / L. Available IrO2 Ta2O5 coated titanium anode, to solve the problem of extremely high acidity.
5, chrome
A TV glass shell company in the manufacture of television sets, computer glass screen, the high temperature, weak alkaline molten fruit sulfuric acid corrosion, the surface of the steel mold of red glass shell vulnerable to corrosion, it seems rugged. In order to get a smooth surface of the glass screen, the steel surface to be plated with hexavalent chromium. IrTa-coated anodes can be used instead of the lead electrodes used.
6, rhodium plating
In recent years, there has become an increasing interest in platinum jewelry. Platinum plated jewelry, is actually rhodium plated. Rhodium plating rhodium sulfate bath, acidic, corrosive, IrTa-coated titanium anode, has been widely utilized in rhodium plating industry.
7, silver nitrate electrolysis
Silver can be refined by electrolysis to obtain fine silver, the electrolyte containing silver about 80g / L, nitric acid concentration of 20g / L, the use of insoluble anode electrolytic recovery of silver, the anode using IrTa-coated titanium electrode, cathode silver deposition, the final electrolytic waste Liquid contains only about silver 10g / L, sales of 150g / L.
8, electrolytic organic synthesis
Electrodialysis can produce sharp purity tetramethylammonium hydroxide from direct electrolysis of tetramethylammonium chloride. IrO2 Ta2O5 coated titanium anode is used for the anode. The anode life is many times longer than that of the common RuSnTi coating.
9, Electrometallurgy
electro-metallurgy, zinc production is the most representative of the new. Electrolytic production of zinc, has been the use of lead alloy containing a small amount of silver, antimony or calcium anode. Lead anode will utilize the following problems: Lead electrode size is unstable; oxygen overpotential is too high, about 800mv, corrosion in the anode polarization. Lead ions disbanded in the electrolyte, deposited on the cathode, polluting metallic zinc, affecting product quality. Size-stabilized anodes (DSA) coated with a variety of metal oxides on titanium substrates such as RUO2, IrO2, MnO2, Ta2O5, etc., have low oxygen overpotential and inert properties that can be considered as the oxygen-. Among the coating components, IRO2 (70%, mole fraction) Ta2O5 (30%, mole fraction) is considered as the best oxygen evolution anode coating. In the coating composition, IrO2 is anodic polarization of the electrochemically active species, Ta2O5 can improve the chemical stability of IrO2. Ti / IrO2 Ta2O5 anode life expectancy up to 5 - 10 years.
10, electrochemical purification industry
Ti / IrO2 anodes, although relatively expensive, have recently been used in the electrochemical industry purification process. This is because the Ti / IrO2 anode was successfully used as an oxygen evolution electrode in medium or weak acid solutions, whereas the classical Ti / RuO2 electrode cannot be used because of its short lifetime in low concentration chloride ion solutions. The Ti / IrO2 anode can be used to remove cations from wastewater (on the cathode) or to remove harmful substances from wastewater by anodization.
Ti / IrO2 Ta2O5 coated electrodes can be successfully used as oxygen evolution electrodes in the treatment of electric flotation wastewater containing dispersed peptides and oils. Stable cathode material with stainless steel. Both the anode and cathode current densities are 100-200A / m2, and the size of the bubbles (H2 and O2) generated by the electrochemical method is 50--100um, so as to ensure the high efficiency of the electric flotation up to 99.5%, and the reduction of waste water The content of harmful substances, from the import concentration of 1-10g / L, reduced to 1-10mg / L.
The flow rate of sewage through the cell was 12-16 m 3 / h, 4-6 V, current 300 A, Ti / IrO 2 anode (area 2 m 2, Ir coating amount 12.3 g / m 2, 65 mol% IrO 2, 35 mol% Ta 2 O 5) In the operating life of more than 4 years.
11, containing an organic small molecule aqueous solution of electrochemical activity
By the adsorption of intermediates CO poisoning, a single precious metal Pt is not an ideal point catalytic oxidation of small organic molecules. In recent years, DSA has been used for the electro-oxidation removal of organic pollutants, which can effectively oxidize non-degradable pollutants into biodegradable intermediate organic products.
12, high speed tinplate
Salt electrolysis industry with ruthenium titanium coated titanium anode, is a real good catalytic activity of chlorine evolution, more than 90% of the world's chlor-alkali enterprises to use, life expectancy up to 10 years. But in oxygen evolution electrochemical system cannot be used, life expectancy is very short.
The iridium coated titanium anode has excellent oxygen evolution electrocatalytic activity and extreme stability in the oxygen evolution electrochemical system. Since 1997, in the high-speed galvanized steel production line of sulfate bath, iridium Coating titanium anode is widely used, the highest life expectancy of about 1 year, replacing the original lead alloy anode.
If organic matter is present in the electrolyte, the problem of "telling loss of active coating in the presence of organic matter" occurs on the coated anode when the anode is evolving oxygen and has a very brief life span of less than 1 day. Occurred "active coating in the presence of high speed loss" phenomenon is as follows:
(1) The high-speed loss of the active coating in the presence of organic substances inevitably leads to a substantial increase in the electrode potential and even up to hundreds of millivolts.
(2) The rise of the electrode potential in the presence of organic matter only occurred in the anode reaction of oxygen evolution, which had no effect on the anode potential of the electrodeposited chlorine and had no effect on the cathodic reaction of hydrogen evolution.
(3) In the presence of organic substances, the potential of the electrode rises, and the high-rate loss of the active coating does not occur on other system electrodes, such as lead alloy, but only on the electrodes of the platinum group metal and its oxide system.
Although the tin bath contains a high concentration of organic phenomenally acid, but platinum electrode life of more than 1 year
Iridium tantalum coated titanium anode
The most preferred electrode for oxygen evolution in electrolysis is a coating of a mixed oxide of iridium oxide and tantalum oxide. Iridium tantalum coated titanium electrodes are: plate electrode, tube electrode, mesh electrode, rod electrode, filament electrode for customers to choose; iridium tantalum coated titanium anode is insoluble anode, platinum iridium coating and titanium substrate firmly , Compared with the ordinary coating electrode, it enhances the anti-crevice corrosion, better improve the durability of the titanium substrate and coating contact parts.
Iridium tantalum coated titanium anode application
IrO2 and Ta2O5 coated titanium anodes have excellent electrocatalytic activity and electrochemical stability. They are commonly used in the electrolysis industry with strong corrosive electrolyte, harsh working conditions and high current density. They are all known analytical methods Oxygen electrode.
1, copper production
Electrolytic copper foil production process is the first electrolytic copper oxidation, obtained copper sulfate solution, and then in the raw foil machine electrolytic generation of raw foil, raw foil after pickling, coarsening, curing, brass finishing process and the finished product. It consists of two major processes of electrolysis and electroplating. For example, copper foil production company process conditions: sulfuric acid concentration of 120g / L, 7-9KA / m2, cathode gap of 12mm. Use of IrTa anodes meets production requirements and solves the problem of extremely high production of current densities. It is partially immersed in a solution of copper sulfate solution to continuously rotating metal roller cathode, continuous electrolysis foil. Electrolytic copper foil, as a conductive material used in single-sided printed circuit board, the increasing use of increasingly thinner and thicker, about the thickness of 0.15mm, 0.105mm, 0.07mm, 0.05mm, 0.035mm.
Electrolytic copper foil, according to the thickness, can be divided into 105um, 70um, 18um, 12um, 9um, and 5um and several other, of which 12um and 12um are generally known as ultra-thin copper foil.
In accordance with the surface treatment process, the copper foil can be divided into pink foil (surface copper), as (surface zinc), yellow foil (brass plated) and several other types.
According to the properties of the electrolytic copper foil, the IPc standard is divided into standard foils (STD - E), HD - E high temperature foils (THE - E type) and annealed electrolytic copper foils ANN - E), low temperature annealed electrolytic copper foil (LTA - E type), annealed electrolytic copper foil (A - E type) and other categories.
Japan manufactures copper foil for printed circuit boards by electrolysis of copper sulfate solution, copper plating on a titanium rotating cylindrical cathode with a diameter of 1-2 meters and a height of 2-3 meters, and peeling of the copper foil at one end of the drum. Knowing printed circuit copper foil coated titanium anodes, the height of about 1.3 meters, the area length of about 2.4 meters, the thickness of about 25mm. Titanium-based coating with an anode, the plate spacing without adjustment, the anode bubble oxygen intense stirring electrolyte, accelerate the movement of copper ions to the cathode surface. Therefore, the operating current density can be increased to 50A / dm2. Thereby significantly increasing the cell productivity. Thermally decomposing IRO2 coatings on titanium substrates work well under these media conditions. After setting a very thin platinum-plated intermediate layer, to prevent titanium matrix oxidation, anode life of at least 2.5 years.
2, aluminum foil into the point
Electrolyte is 10% - 15% ammonium dehydration phosphate, the current density of 400 - 1000A / m2. The foil is electroplated into an IrTa coated anode to solve the high concentration of organic matter.
3, galvanized steel
As a large-scale electrolytic industry, for example, galvanized steel sheet production line, the use of low over-potential DSA instead of over-potential high lead electrode, can reduce the electrode to reduce power consumption. The most suitable coating components are iridium oxide and tantalum oxide.
IrO2 Ta2O5 coated anodes can be used in galvanizing production lines to replace lead alloy electrodes. Of these anode materials, the IRO2-based anode has the best electrode performance with minimal over-oxygen evolution potential, low electrocatalytic activity and less contamination of the electrolyte. The anode of IrO2 Ta2O5 is stable at high current densities such as 10ka / m2 Galvanized in the long working life.
4, circuit board thick copper plating
Yin and Yang pitch is 10mm, sulfuric acid concentration of 2mol / L. Available IrO2 Ta2O5 coated titanium anode, to solve the problem of extremely high acidity.
5, chrome
A TV glass shell company in the manufacture of television sets, computer glass screen, the high temperature, weak alkaline molten fruit sulfuric acid corrosion, the surface of the steel mold of red glass shell vulnerable to corrosion, it seems rugged. In order to get a smooth surface of the glass screen, the steel surface to be plated with hexavalent chromium. IrTa-coated anodes can be used instead of the lead electrodes used.
6, rhodium plating
In recent years, there has become an increasing interest in platinum jewelry. Platinum plated jewelry, is actually rhodium plated. Rhodium plating rhodium sulfate bath, acidic, corrosive, IrTa-coated titanium anode, has been widely utilized in rhodium plating industry.
7, silver nitrate electrolysis
Silver can be refined by electrolysis to obtain fine silver, the electrolyte containing silver about 80g / L, nitric acid concentration of 20g / L, the use of insoluble anode electrolytic recovery of silver, the anode using IrTa-coated titanium electrode, cathode silver deposition, the final electrolytic waste Liquid contains only about silver 10g / L, sales of 150g / L.
8, electrolytic organic synthesis
Electrodialysis can produce sharp purity tetramethylammonium hydroxide from direct electrolysis of tetramethylammonium chloride. IrO2 Ta2O5 coated titanium anode is used for the anode. The anode life is many times longer than that of the common RuSnTi coating.
9, Electrometallurgy
electro-metallurgy, zinc production is the most representative of the new. Electrolytic production of zinc, has been the use of lead alloy containing a small amount of silver, antimony or calcium anode. Lead anode will utilize the following problems: Lead electrode size is unstable; oxygen overpotential is too high, about 800mv, corrosion in the anode polarization. Lead ions disbanded in the electrolyte, deposited on the cathode, polluting metallic zinc, affecting product quality. Size-stabilized anodes (DSA) coated with a variety of metal oxides on titanium substrates such as RUO2, IrO2, MnO2, Ta2O5, etc., have low oxygen overpotential and inert properties that can be considered as the oxygen-. Among the coating components, IRO2 (70%, mole fraction) Ta2O5 (30%, mole fraction) is considered as the best oxygen evolution anode coating. In the coating composition, IrO2 is anodic polarization of the electrochemically active species, Ta2O5 can improve the chemical stability of IrO2. Ti / IrO2 Ta2O5 anode life expectancy up to 5 - 10 years.
10, electrochemical purification industry
Ti / IrO2 anodes, although relatively expensive, have recently been used in the electrochemical industry purification process. This is because the Ti / IrO2 anode was successfully used as an oxygen evolution electrode in medium or weak acid solutions, whereas the classical Ti / RuO2 electrode cannot be used because of its short lifetime in low concentration chloride ion solutions. The Ti / IrO2 anode can be used to remove cations from wastewater (on the cathode) or to remove harmful substances from wastewater by anodization.
Ti / IrO2 Ta2O5 coated electrodes can be successfully used as oxygen evolution electrodes in the treatment of electric flotation wastewater containing dispersed peptides and oils. Stable cathode material with stainless steel. Both the anode and cathode current densities are 100-200A / m2, and the size of the bubbles (H2 and O2) generated by the electrochemical method is 50--100um, so as to ensure the high efficiency of the electric flotation up to 99.5%, and the reduction of waste water The content of harmful substances, from the import concentration of 1-10g / L, reduced to 1-10mg / L.
The flow rate of sewage through the cell was 12-16 m 3 / h, 4-6 V, current 300 A, Ti / IrO 2 anode (area 2 m 2, Ir coating amount 12.3 g / m 2, 65 mol% IrO 2, 35 mol% Ta 2 O 5) In the operating life of more than 4 years.
11, containing an organic small molecule aqueous solution of electrochemical activity
By the adsorption of intermediates CO poisoning, a single precious metal Pt is not an ideal point catalytic oxidation of small organic molecules. In recent years, DSA has been used for the electro-oxidation removal of organic pollutants, which can effectively oxidize non-degradable pollutants into biodegradable intermediate organic products.
12, high speed tinplate
Salt electrolysis industry with ruthenium titanium coated titanium anode, is a real good catalytic activity of chlorine evolution, more than 90% of the world's chlor-alkali enterprises to use, life expectancy up to 10 years. But in oxygen evolution electrochemical system cannot be used, life expectancy is very short.
The iridium coated titanium anode has excellent oxygen evolution electrocatalytic activity and extreme stability in the oxygen evolution electrochemical system. Since 1997, in the high-speed galvanized steel production line of sulfate bath, iridium Coating titanium anode is widely used, the highest life expectancy of about 1 year, replacing the original lead alloy anode.
If organic matter is present in the electrolyte, the problem of "telling loss of active coating in the presence of organic matter" occurs on the coated anode when the anode is evolving oxygen and has a very brief life span of less than 1 day. Occurred "active coating in the presence of high speed loss" phenomenon is as follows:
(1) The high-speed loss of the active coating in the presence of organic substances inevitably leads to a substantial increase in the electrode potential and even up to hundreds of millivolts.
(2) The rise of the electrode potential in the presence of organic matter only occurred in the anode reaction of oxygen evolution, which had no effect on the anode potential of the electrodeposited chlorine and had no effect on the cathodic reaction of hydrogen evolution.
(3) In the presence of organic substances, the potential of the electrode rises, and the high-rate loss of the active coating does not occur on other system electrodes, such as lead alloy, but only on the electrodes of the platinum group metal and its oxide system.
Although the tin bath contains a high concentration of organic phenomenally acid, but platinum electrode life of more than 1 year
